1. Zvinhu zvesimbi
(1)Kuisa simbi yekabhoni nesimbi ine alloy shoma kunosanganisira kuisa simbi yakapfava uye kuisa simbi yakasimba. Kuisa simbi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuisa simbi yakapfava kunonzi tin lead solder. Kunyorova kweiyi solder kusimbi kunowedzera nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwetini, saka kuisa simbi ine huwandu hwakawanda hwetini kunofanira kushandiswa pakuvhara majoini. Fesn2 intermetallic compound layer inogona kuumbwa pakati petini nesimbi mukuisa simbi. Kuti kudzivirira kuumbwa kwekomponi muchikamu ichi, tembiricha yekuisa simbi uye nguva yekubata zvinofanirwa kudzorwa nemazvo. Simba rekuchekwa kwemajoini esimbi yekabhoni akasungirirwa nemajoini akati wandei etin lead solders anoratidzwa muTafura 1. Pakati pawo, simba rejoint rakaiswa ne50% w (SN) ndiro rakakwirira, uye simba rejoint rakaiswa ne antimony free solder rakakwirira kupfuura rine antimony.
Tafura 1: Simba rekuchekerera remajoini esimbi yekabhoni akaputirwa nesimbi yesimbi ine lead solder
Pakuputira simbi yekabhoni nesimbi isina alloy yakawanda, simbi dzinonyanya kushandiswa nemhangura yakachena, zinc yemhangura nesirivha. Mhangura yakachena ine nzvimbo inonyunguduka zvakanyanya uye iri nyore kuoxida simbi yepasi panguva yekuputira. Inonyanya kushandiswa pakuputira simbi ine gasi uye kuputira simbi isina alloy. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nzvimbo iri pakati pemajoini ane alloy inofanira kunge iri pasi pe0.05mm kudzivirira dambudziko rekuti nzvimbo isina alloy haigone kuzadzwa nekuda kwekuyerera kwemhangura. Nzvimbo dzine alloy steel nesimbi isina alloy yakawanda dzakaputirwa nemhangura yakachena dzine simba guru. Kazhinji, simba rekuchekwa kwesimbi i150 ~ 215mpa, nepo simba rekukwesha riri pakati pe170 ~ 340mpa.
Kana tichienzanisa nemhangura yakachena, kunyunguduka kwecopper zinc solder kunoderera nekuda kwekuwedzerwa kweZn. Kuti Zn isaparare panguva yekubatidza, kune rumwe rutivi, huwandu hushoma hweSi hunogona kuwedzerwa kucopper zinc solder; Kune rumwe rutivi, nzira dzekupisa dzinofanira kushandiswa nekukurumidza, dzakadai sekubatidza moto, kubatidza kweinduction uye kubatidza kwedip. Majoini esimbi yekabhoni nesimbi yelow alloy yakabatidzwa nesimbi yecopper zinc filler ane simba rakanaka uye plasticity. Semuenzaniso, simba rekusunga uye simba rekutema remajoini esimbi yekabhoni akabatidzwa neb-cu62zn solder rinosvika 420MPa ne290mpa. Kunyunguduka kwesilver copper station solder kwakaderera pane kwecopper zinc solder, iyo iri nyore kusanganisa netsono. Iyi filler metal yakakodzera flame brazing, induction brazing uye furnace brazing yesimbi yekabhoni nesimbi yelow alloy, asi huwandu hweZn hunofanira kuderedzwa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira panguva yekubatidza furnace, uye mwero wekupisa unofanirwa kuwedzerwa. Brazing carbon steel nesimbi yelow alloy ine silver copper zinc filler metal inogona kuwana majoini ane simba rakanaka uye plasticity. Ruzivo rwacho rwakanyorwa muTafura 2.
Tafura 2 simba remajoini esimbi isina kabhoni yakawanda akaputirwa nesirivha copper zinc solder
(2) Flux: gasi rinoyerera kana kuti rinochengetedza rinofanira kushandiswa pakugadzira simbi ine kabhoni uye simbi ine alloy shoma. Flux inowanzo shandiswa nekushandisa nzira yekuzadza simbi nebrazing. Kana tin lead solder ikashandiswa, mvura yakasanganiswa yezinc chloride neammonium chloride inogona kushandiswa seflux kana imwe flux yakakosha. Zvasara zveflux iyi zvinowanzo kuvadza zvakanyanya, uye jointi inofanira kucheneswa zvakanyanya mushure mekugadzira brazing.
Pakuputira nesimbi ye copper zinc filler, fb301 kana fb302 flux inofanira kusarudzwa, kureva, borax kana musanganiswa we borax ne boric acid; Pakuputira moto, musanganiswa we methyl borate ne formic acid unogona kushandiswawo se brazing flux, umo B2O3 vapor inoita basa rekubvisa firimu.
Kana simbi yesirivha yecopper zinc brazing filler ishandiswa, fb102, fb103 uye fb104 brazing fluxes dzinogona kusarudzwa, kureva musanganiswa weborax, boric acid nemamwe mafluoride. Zvasara zveflux iyi zvinoparadza kusvika pamwero wakati uye zvinofanira kubviswa mushure mekuputira.
2. Tekinoroji yekuisa mabrazing
Pamusoro pechinhu chinosungirirwa pamadziro chinofanira kucheneswa nenzira dzemakanika kana dzemakemikari kuitira kuti oxide film nezvinhu zvipenyu zvibviswe zvachose. Pamusoro pacho hapafanirwe kunge pakaomarara zvakanyanya uye hapafanirwe kunamira pazvimedu zvesimbi kana imwe tsvina.
Simbi yekabhoni nesimbi ine alloy shoma zvinogona kuputirwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa pakuputira. Panguva yekuputira moto, murazvo wepakati kana wekudzikisa zvishoma unofanira kushandiswa. Munguva yekushanda, kupisa zvakananga kwesimbi yekuzadza uye kuyerera nemurazvo kunofanira kudzivirirwa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Nzira dzekukurumidza kupisa dzakadai sekudzikisa muchina uye kudzikisa muchina dzakakodzera zvikuru pakuputira simbi yakadzima uye yakanyoroveswa. Panguva imwe chete, kudzima kana kuputira patembiricha yakaderera pane yekuputira kunofanirwa kusarudzwa kudzivirira kupfava kwesimbi yechigadziko. Pakuputira simbi ine alloy shoma yakasimba mumhepo inodzivirira, kwete kuchena kwakanyanya kwegasi chete kunodiwa, asiwo kuyerera kwegasi kunofanirwa kushandiswa kuona kuti simbi yekuzadza inonyoroveswa uye inopararira pamusoro pesimbi yechigadziko.
Mvura inosara inogona kubviswa nenzira dzemakemikari kana dzemakanika. Mvura inosara ye organic brazing flux inogona kupukutwa kana kucheneswa nepeturu, doro, acetone nezvimwe zvinonyungudutsa organic; Mvura inosara ye corrosive flux yakasimba senge zinc chloride ne ammonium chloride inofanira kutanga yabviswa muNaOH aqueous solution, yozocheneswa nemvura inopisa neinotonhora; Mvura inosara ye boric acid ne boric acid flux yakaoma kubvisa, uye inogona kugadziriswa chete nenzira dzemakanika kana kunyudzwa kwenguva refu mumvura iri kukwira.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-13-2022